1 舊路面處理方案
1. Old road surface treatment plan
針對(duì)路面破碎程度較輕的，可先銑刨拉毛舊混凝土路面，再將錯(cuò)臺(tái)磨平，隨后清理干凈路面板接縫瀝青脫落老化位置，做好再次灌縫作業(yè)。如部分位置存在斷縫、斷裂情況，可選混凝土進(jìn)行修復(fù)，并將瀝青碎石調(diào)平層、瀝青混凝土層加鋪其上。應(yīng)鑿除、修補(bǔ)因舊瀝青混凝土路面老化破碎、裂縫等病害出現(xiàn)的坑槽，并銑刨、清理舊路網(wǎng)裂、龜裂位置，隨后將瀝青碎石調(diào)平層、瀝青混凝土面層進(jìn)行鋪筑。
For roads with a relatively light degree of fragmentation, the old concrete pavement can be milled and roughened first, then the staggered platform can be ground flat, and then the asphalt peeling and aging positions at the joints of the road panel can be cleaned, and the joint filling operation can be carried out again. If there are cracks or fractures in some positions, concrete can be used for repair, and the asphalt macadam leveling layer and asphalt concrete layer can be added to it. Pits and grooves caused by aging, fragmentation, cracks, and other diseases of the old asphalt concrete pavement should be chiseled out and repaired, and the positions of cracks and fissures in the old road network should be milled and cleaned. Subsequently, the asphalt macadam leveling layer and asphalt concrete surface layer should be paved.
2 噴灑粘層油
2. Spray adhesive layer oil
首先需要對(duì)舊水泥砼路面進(jìn)行清理，避免存在雜物或者浮土，影響瀝青面層與路面之間的粘合。在清理完成之后采用高壓水槍沖刷路面，保證水泥砼路面表層的整潔。在選擇瀝青粘層油材料時(shí)，應(yīng)根據(jù)瀝青面層的要求，使其粘結(jié)力能夠滿(mǎn)足施工的要求。其次是對(duì)于青粘層油材料用量的控制，若用量過(guò)大可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致摩擦系數(shù)較低，影響二者之間的粘結(jié)力，嚴(yán)重的情況下還可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致反射裂縫的出現(xiàn)。
Firstly, it is necessary to clean the old cement concrete pavement to avoid debris or floating soil that may affect the adhesion between the asphalt surface layer and the pavement. After cleaning, use a high-pressure water gun to flush the road surface to ensure the cleanliness of the cement concrete pavement surface. When selecting asphalt adhesive layer oil materials, the requirements of the asphalt surface layer should be followed to ensure that its adhesion meets the construction requirements. Secondly, it is necessary to control the amount of oil used in the green adhesive layer. If the amount is too large, it may lead to a low friction coefficient and affect the bonding force between the two. In severe cases, it may also lead to the occurrence of reflection cracks.
在噴灑瀝青粘層的時(shí)候應(yīng)采用瀝青灑布機(jī)，使得瀝青粘層分布均勻一致，一般情況下噴灑的寬度要寬于土工布5—10cm。為了避免噴灑層受到污染，瀝青粘層噴灑完畢后的路面禁止車(chē)輛通行。
When spraying the asphalt adhesive layer, an asphalt distributor should be used to ensure uniform distribution of the asphalt adhesive layer. Generally, the spraying width should be 5-10cm wider than the geotextile. In order to avoid contamination of the spraying layer, vehicles are prohibited from passing on the road surface after the asphalt adhesive layer is sprayed.
3 鋪設(shè)土工布
3. Laying geotextile
為了有效的避免在后期使用的過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)反射裂縫，需要在水泥砼路面上鋪設(shè)土工布。待路面達(dá)到一定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之后，即可將進(jìn)行土工布的鋪設(shè)施工，在此過(guò)程中應(yīng)保證土工布拉伸的延展性，使其與水泥砼路面緊密的結(jié)合在一起。相鄰兩塊土工布之間應(yīng)有重合的部位，其中橫向搭接的寬度控制在8—10cm，縱向?qū)挾瓤刂圃?—5cm。兩幅土工布搭接的部位需前后銜接，在搭接處可用粘層油進(jìn)行固定。在土工布鋪設(shè)完成之后，需要對(duì)鋪設(shè)的質(zhì)量進(jìn)行檢測(cè)，及時(shí)處理不平整或者打皺的部位。
In order to effectively avoid reflection cracks during later use, it is necessary to lay geotextile on the cement concrete pavement. After the road surface reaches a certain standard, the laying construction of geotextile can be carried out. During this process, the ductility of the geotextile should be ensured, so that it is closely combined with the cement concrete road surface. There should be overlap between two adjacent geotextiles, with a width of 8-10cm for horizontal overlap and 4-5cm for vertical overlap. The overlapping parts of two geotextiles need to be connected back and forth, and the overlapping parts can be fixed with adhesive layer oil. After the completion of geotextile laying, it is necessary to inspect the quality of the laying and promptly handle uneven or wrinkled areas.
4 瀝青面層施工
4. Asphalt surface construction
（1）瀝青混合料的拌合與運(yùn)輸。根據(jù)施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的地質(zhì)條件和公路工程的通行需求，選取相應(yīng)規(guī)格的瀝青材料，并對(duì)其各項(xiàng)性能進(jìn)行檢測(cè)，組織技術(shù)人員在充分了解材料性能的基礎(chǔ)之上設(shè)計(jì)配合比，并通過(guò)試配確定最佳的配合比例，保證瀝青混合料的質(zhì)量能夠滿(mǎn)足施工要求。
(1) Mixing and transportation of asphalt mixtures. Based on the geological conditions of the construction site and the traffic requirements of the highway engineering, select corresponding specifications of asphalt materials and test their various properties. Organize technical personnel to design the mix proportion based on a full understanding of the material performance, and determine the optimal mix proportion through trial mixing to ensure that the quality of asphalt mixture can meet the construction requirements.
在正式拌合的過(guò)程中，應(yīng)按照配合比設(shè)計(jì)的要求拌制混合料，合理的控制拌合時(shí)間與溫度。瀝青混合料拌制完成之后，應(yīng)及時(shí)采用運(yùn)輸車(chē)輛運(yùn)送至施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，在運(yùn)輸時(shí)應(yīng)做好覆蓋工作，防止瀝青混凝土的溫度受到外界因素的影響，同時(shí)也有效的避免了撒漏現(xiàn)象。
During the formal mixing process, the mixture should be mixed according to the requirements of the mix design, and the mixing time and temperature should be reasonably controlled. After the completion of asphalt mixture mixing, transportation vehicles should be used in a timely manner to transport it to the construction site. During transportation, cover should be done to prevent the temperature of asphalt concrete from being affected by external factors, and also effectively avoid leakage.
（2）瀝青混合料的攤鋪。在混合料攤鋪之前，應(yīng)先對(duì)運(yùn)輸至現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的瀝青混凝土進(jìn)行檢測(cè)，保證其溫度能夠滿(mǎn)足施工的要求。其次是對(duì)攤鋪機(jī)運(yùn)行速度的控制，確保其處于勻速運(yùn)行的狀態(tài)，禁止出現(xiàn)緊急加速或減速的現(xiàn)象，確保攤鋪的平整程度。同時(shí)注意對(duì)攤鋪溫度的控制，一般情況下攤鋪時(shí)瀝青混合料的溫度應(yīng)保持在110—165℃之間，攤鋪?zhàn)鳂I(yè)完成后應(yīng)檢測(cè)攤鋪的質(zhì)量，若存在攤鋪不平整的部分，則需要及時(shí)組織施工人員進(jìn)行人工攤鋪，提高瀝青混凝土攤鋪的質(zhì)量。
(2) Paving of asphalt mixture. Before paving the mixture, the asphalt concrete transported to the site should be tested to ensure that its temperature meets the construction requirements. Secondly, it is necessary to control the operating speed of the paver to ensure that it operates at a uniform speed, and to prohibit emergency acceleration or deceleration to ensure the smoothness of the paving process. At the same time, attention should be paid to controlling the paving temperature. Generally, the temperature of the asphalt mixture during paving should be maintained between 110-165 ℃. After the paving operation is completed, the quality of the paving should be tested. If there are uneven parts of the paving, it is necessary to organize construction personnel to manually pave in a timely manner to improve the quality of asphalt concrete paving.
（3）瀝青混合料的碾壓。在瀝青混合料碾壓的過(guò)程中需要用到壓路機(jī)，碾壓工作開(kāi)始之前應(yīng)先對(duì)壓路機(jī)的使用性能進(jìn)行檢查，排除潛在的機(jī)械故障，避免影響正常的施工進(jìn)度。在初壓施工完成之后，應(yīng)根據(jù)相應(yīng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)路面的平整度進(jìn)行檢測(cè)，同時(shí)檢查路拱的設(shè)置是否滿(mǎn)足施工要求，對(duì)于存在問(wèn)題應(yīng)及時(shí)采取修整措施。在碾壓的過(guò)程中一般采用交替碾壓的方式，壓路機(jī)的停留點(diǎn)保持10m以上的距離。
(3) Rolling of asphalt mixture. During the rolling process of asphalt mixture, a roller is required. Before starting the rolling work, the performance of the roller should be checked to eliminate potential mechanical faults and avoid affecting the normal construction progress. After the initial compaction construction is completed, the flatness of the road surface should be tested according to the corresponding standards, and the setting of the road arch should be checked to see if it meets the construction requirements. If there are any problems, repair measures should be taken in a timely manner. During the rolling process, alternating rolling is generally used, and the stopping point of the roller is maintained at a distance of more than 10m.
3.5 接縫處理
3.5 Joint treatment
在施工的過(guò)程中，由于在接縫處容易出現(xiàn)相關(guān)的路面病害，因此需要盡量減少接縫的數(shù)量，使得路面處于相對(duì)穩(wěn)定的狀態(tài)。在設(shè)置橫向接縫時(shí)，一般情況下應(yīng)采用平接縫，相鄰兩幅之間接縫的錯(cuò)位應(yīng)超過(guò)100mm，保證橫向接縫的緊密連接。采用壓路機(jī)進(jìn)行橫向碾壓。另外是對(duì)于冷接縫的處理，冷接縫的位置應(yīng)預(yù)留在車(chē)道標(biāo)線處，上下層接縫的錯(cuò)位保持在300—400mm之間。
During the construction process, due to the susceptibility to related road surface diseases at the joints, it is necessary to minimize the number of joints as much as possible to keep the road surface in a relatively stable state. When setting transverse joints, flat joints should generally be used, and the misalignment of the joints between adjacent frames should exceed 100mm to ensure a tight connection of the transverse joints. Use a roller for lateral compaction. In addition, for the treatment of cold joints, the position of the cold joints should be reserved at the lane markings, and the misalignment of the upper and lower joints should be maintained between 300-400mm.
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